T.DIST Function in Excel: Student’s t Probability

⏱ 1 min readUpdated 28 September 2026

StatisticsLevel: ExpertAvailable in: Excel 2010+

In this article
  1. Syntax
  2. Examples
  3. Example 1
  4. Related functions

T.DIST gives probabilities for the t-distribution — used instead of the normal curve when samples are small.

Syntax

=T.DIST(x, deg_freedom, cumulative)
Argument What it means
deg_freedom Usually sample size − 1.

Examples

Example 1

=1-T.DIST(2.1, 19, TRUE)

One-tailed p-value for t = 2.1 with 20 observations (about 0.025).

T.INV.2T · T.TEST

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